Kusukela ngo-2020 kuya ku-2022, ukuthengiswa phesheya kwezilwandle kwesitoreji samandla esiphathekayo kunyuke kakhulu.
Uma isikhathi sezibalo sinwetshwa ku-2019-2022, ukushesha kwemakethe kubaluleke kakhulu - ukuthunyelwa kokugcinwa kwamandla okuphathekayo emhlabeni wonke kukhuphuke cishe izikhathi ezingama-23.Izinkampani zaseShayina ziyiqembu elivelele kakhulu kule nkundla yempi, futhi imikhiqizo yazo engaphezu kuka-90% ivela eChina ngo-2020.
Ukwanda kwemisebenzi yangaphandle kanye nezinhlekelele zemvelo ezivame ukuvela kubangele isidingo sikagesi ohambahambayo phesheya kwezilwandle.I-China Chemical and Physical Power Industry Association ibikezele ukuthi imakethe yokugcina amandla ephathekayo izodlula ama-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-80 ngo-2026.
Kodwa-ke, ukwakheka komkhiqizo okulula uma kuqhathaniswa noxhaxha lwempahla oluvuthiwe kwenze amandla okukhiqiza aseShayina adlula ngokushesha isidingo sangaphandle, "Sithumele amasethi angaba ngu-10 kuphela ngenyanga edlule, futhi ngonyaka, sinamasethi acishe abe yi-100 kuphela. Ngokusekelwe enanini lomkhiqizo lonyaka. webhizinisi lasekhaya eliphakathi, kungenzeka ukuthi sisebenzise kuphela i-1% yomthamo wethu wokukhiqiza kanye nesidingo akuhambisani, Sithatha iJalimane njengesibonelo, cishe u-20% womthamo wethu wokukhiqiza wasekhaya ungamboza yonke imakethe yaseJalimane umthengisi eYurophu.
Nakuba isidingo sesitoreji samandla esiphathekayo phesheya kwezilwandle sikhula ngokushesha, igebe lokuhlinzekwa kanye nesidingo likhulu kangangokuthi ngeke lishaywe indiva, futhi abadlali bemakethe bangabhekana nakho ngokungathi sína - abanye abakhiqizi baphendukela ekugcinweni kwamandla kwasendlini ngezindlela ezifanayo zobuchwepheshe, kuyilapho. abanye bahlola izidingo ezikhethekile zezimakethe ezihlukene.
Isitoreji sasekhaya samandla: imayini entsha yegolide noma igwebu?
Umhlaba usempambanweni woguquko lwamandla.
Iminyaka elandelanayo yesimo sezulu esingesihle ilethe ingcindezi eyeqile ekukhiqizweni kukagesi, okuhambisana nokuguquguquka okukhulu kwentengo yegesi yemvelo kanye nogesi, isidingo semithombo kagesi esimeme, ezinzile, neyongayo evela emakhaya aphesheya senyuke kakhulu.
Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu eYurophu, sithatha iJalimane njengesibonelo.Ngo-2021, intengo kagesi eJalimane yayingama-euro angu-32 ngehora le-kilowatt, kanti kwezinye izifunda ikhuphuke yaba ngaphezu kwama-euro angu-40 ngehora le-kilowatt ngo-2022. Izindleko zikagesi we-photovoltaic kanye nezinhlelo zokugcina amandla yi-14.7 euro ngehora le-kilowatt, okuyi- ingxenye yentengo kagesi.
Inkampani enkulu yokugcina amandla ephathekayo enomuzwa ojulile wokuhogela isiphinde yaqondisa izimo zasekhaya.
Isitoreji sasekhaya samandla singaqondwa kalula njengendawo yokugcina amandla kagesi emincane, enganikeza ukuvikeleka kubasebenzisi basekhaya ngesikhathi sesidingo esikhulu sikagesi noma ukucisha kukagesi.
"Okwamanje, izimakethe ezinesidingo esikhulu semikhiqizo yokugcina ekhaya yiYurophu ne-United States, futhi ifomu lomkhiqizo lihlobene eduze nendawo yokuhlala. Ngokuvamile, i-United States incike kakhulu ezindlini zomndeni owodwa, ezidinga uphahla kanye nophahla. ukugcinwa kwamandla egcekeni, kuyilapho eYurophu, amafulethi amaningi anesidingo esikhulu sokugcina amandla kuvulandi."
NgoJanuwari 2023, i-VDE yaseJalimane (i-German Institute of Electrical Engineers) yabhala ngokusemthethweni idokhumenti ukuze kube lula imithetho yezinhlelo ze-balcony photovoltaic futhi kusheshiswe ukuthandwa kwezinhlelo ezincane ze-photovoltaic.Umthelela oqondile emabhizinisini ukuthi abakhiqizi bokugcina amandla bangathuthukisa futhi badayise ama-plug-in ama-solar ewonke ngaphandle kokulinda uhulumeni ukuthi ashintshe amamitha ahlakaniphile.Lokhu futhi kushayela ngokuqondile ukwanda okusheshayo esigabeni sokugcina amandla kuvulandi.
Uma kuqhathaniswa nokukhiqizwa kwamandla kagesi ophahleni lwe-photovoltaic, isitoreji samandla kuvulandi sinezidingo eziphansi zendawo yasekhaya, kulula ukuyifaka, futhi iyathengeka, okwenza kube lula ukuduma kuze kufike ekupheleni kuka-C.Ngamafomu omkhiqizo anjalo, izindlela zokuthengisa, kanye nezindlela zobuchwepheshe, imikhiqizo yaseShayina inezinzuzo eziningi ze-supply chain.Njengamanje, imikhiqizo efana ne-KeSha, EcoFlow, ne-Zenture yethule uchungechunge lwemikhiqizo yokugcina amandla kuvulandi.
Mayelana nesakhiwo sesiteshi, indawo yokugcina amandla yasendlini ngokuvamile ihlanganisa ku-inthanethi nokungaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi, kanye nokubambisana okuzenzela wena.U-Yao Shuo uthe, "Imikhiqizo emincane yokugcina amandla yasendlini izobekwa kumapulatifomu e-e-commerce naseziteshini ezizimele. Imishini emikhulu efana nama-solar panel kufanele ibalwe ngokusekelwe endaweni yophahla, ngakho-ke imikhondo yokuthengisa ivame ukutholakala ku-intanethi, futhi abalingani bendawo. sizoxoxisana ungaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi."
Imakethe yaphesheya yonke inkulu.NgokoMbiko Womthetho Wokuthuthukiswa Kwemboni Yezinqolobane Zasemakhaya YaseShayina (2023), umthamo omusha womhlaba wonke ofakiwe wokugcina amandla wasendlini ukhuphuke ngo-136.4% unyaka nonyaka ngo-2022. Ngo-2030, indawo yemakethe yomhlaba wonke ingafinyelela esikalini. yezigidigidi.
Isithiyo sokuqala "amandla amasha" aseShayina endaweni yokugcina amandla yasendlini okudingeka asinqobe ukuze angene emakethe amabhizinisi ahamba phambili asevele agxilile emkhakheni wokugcinwa kwamandla ekhaya.
Ngemuva kokuqala kuka-2023, isiyaluyalu samandla esibangelwe ukungqubuzana kweRussia-Ukraine sizodamba kancane kancane.Ngaphezu kwe-inventory ephezulu, izindleko ezikhuphukayo, amabhange amisa imali ebolekiwe yenzalo ephansi nezinye izici, ukukhanga kwezinhlelo zokugcina amandla zasendlini ngeke kube namandla kangako.
Ngokungeziwe ekwehleni kwesidingo, ithemba elidlulele lezinkampani ezibheke emakethe nalo seliqalile ukuba nemiphumela emihle.Umsebenzi wokugcina amandla ezindlini wasitshela, "Ekuqaleni kwempi yaseRussia Ukraine, amakhasimende angaphansi kwesitoreji samandla sasendlini aqoqa izimpahla eziningi, kodwa ayengalindele ukuthi impi izoba yijwayelekile, futhi umthelela wenkinga yamandla awuzange uhlale. Ngakho-ke manje wonke umuntu ugaya i-inventory."
Ngokombiko wocwaningo okhishwe yi-S&P Global, ukuthunyelwa komhlaba wonke kwezinhlelo zokugcina amandla ezindlini kwehle ngo-2% unyaka nonyaka okokuqala ngqa engxenyeni yesibili ka-2023, kwaya cishe ku-5.5 GWh.Ukusabela emakethe yaseYurophu kubonakala kakhulu.Ngokombiko okhishwe yi-European Photovoltaic Industry Association ngoDisemba wonyaka odlule, umthamo ofakiwe wesitoreji samandla sasendlini eYurophu ukhuphuke ngo-71% unyaka nonyaka ngo-2022, futhi izinga lokukhula konyaka ngonyaka ka-2023 kulindeleke. kube ngu-16% kuphela.
Uma kuqhathaniswa nezimboni eziningi, i-16% ingase ibonakale njengezinga eliphezulu lokukhula, kodwa njengoba imakethe isuka ekuqhumeni kuya ezinzile, izinkampani zidinga ukuqala ukushintsha amasu azo futhi zicabange ukuthi zingagqama kanjani emncintiswaneni ozayo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Mar-20-2024